Удосконалення методів обслуговування обладнання компресорних станцій для підвищення експлуатаційної надійності

Abstract

Дисертаційна робота присвячена удосконаленню методів обслуговування обладнання компресорних станцій магістральних газопроводів для підвищення його експлуатаційної надійності. Встановлено технічні та експлуатаційні характеристики системи, якими визначається характер обслуговування газоперекачувальних агрегатів; створено математичну модель впливу технічного стану ГПА на показники надійності газопостачання та отримано розрахункові залежності і алгоритм застосування моделі; отримано залежність впливу організаційно-технічних чинників організації ремонтів ГПА на економічні показники діяльності підприємства; проведено дослідження показників надійності і законів розподілу продуктивності для реальних одно- і багатоцехових КС.

Диссертационная работа посвящается усовершенствованию методов обслуживания оборудования компрессорных станций магистральных газопроводов для повышения его эксплуатационной надёжности. Установлено технические и эксплуатационные характеристики системы, которыми определяется характер обслуживания газоперекачивающих агрегатов; создана математическая модель влияния технического состояния ГПА на показатели надёжности газоснабжения и получены расчётные зависимости и алгоритм применения модели; получено зависимость влияния организационно-технических факторов организации ремонтов ГПА на экономические показатели деятельности предприятия; проведено исследование показателей надёжности и законов распределения производительности для фактических одно- и многоцеховых КС.

The thesis is devoted to the improvement of maintenance methods of compressor station equipment for enhancement of in-service reliability in the compressor stations of trunk (main) gas pipelines. The maintenance analysis of gas-compressor units (GCU) conducted at BC “Ukrtransgas” permits to determine the structure of repair actions, typical for the above-mentioned enterprise and find main criteria of selecting gas-compressor units for repair. Such criteria are failure frequency and rate. They characterize designate the necessity of GCU selection for the repair according to technical state. Due to the analysis of statistical data the reasons have been revealed of forced stops of gas-compressor units at compressor stations of the Department of Main Gas Pipelines “Prykarpattransgas”. For all gas-compressor units and compressor stations of main gas pipelines “Soyuz” and “Urengoy-Pomary-Uzhgorod” there have been calculated the indices of in-service reliabilities and determined their availability factor. Balance analysis of operating time for GCU as well as mathematical modeling of dependences of the number of GCU emergency stops on the units’ operating time have been conducted to determine the reliability level of units at the DMGP “Prykarpattransgas” and forecast the indices of their technical state. Besides, it has been found that these dependencies are adequately described by linear functions. To predict the duration of GCU no-failure operation, verification of probability distribution laws have been conducted for GCU no-failure operation time and resumption on their correspondence to the theoretical laws. On the basis of statistical sample of GCU exploitation at the compressor stations of DMGP “Prykarpattransgas”, such probability distribution has was identified as exponential. The methodology has been developed to evaluate reliability of compressor stations situated in the same shed but having different connection diagrams of units. The work also covers calculation results of productivity factor expressed through initial reliability indices. With the application of Monte-Carlo method there was carried out the reliability modeling of compressor stations situated in various sheds and received probability distribution laws of efficiency. For GCU with high unit capacity the laws have been defined for time distribution of no-failure operation and resumption. The assessment was given to the reliability of different diagrams of compressor stations at identical failure and resumption rates for GCU with high and low unit capacity. The reserves were defined to increase the quality of GCO resumption and reliability. In the work there has been determined that operational conditions of units and improvement of their repairability have great influence on the GCO reliability. Main reasons of random and degradation GCO failures were ascertained on the basis of statistic data analysis of GCO exploitation forms. Units’ failures appear frequently due to failure or malfunction of gaging devices and equipment, failure or malfunction of nodes and parts, electrical power interruption. The repair cycle structure of each units exploited at compressor stations of DMGP “Prykarpattransgas” has been analyzed and its comparison with regulatory values has been done. The main reasons of deviations between theoretical and actual GCO repair cycle were shown. Statistical modeling of preventive maintenance of compressor stations has been considered as the most omnibus technique used for construction of mixed (e.g. deterministic - probabilistic) models of reliability assessment. The influence of GCO general overhaul on reliability of gas supply has been analyzed. The structure of repair costs was defined. Taking into account the increasing inflation rate there has been conducted the forecast of repair cost for the next year for all types of GCO being currently exploited at DMGP “Prykarpattransgas” according to the logarithmic dependences that give the most adequate description of actual data. Factor and correlation-regression analysis of the impact of the repair logistical factors on cost price of natural gas transportation and its transportation rate has been fulfilled. The factors have been defined that have the greatest impact on the given engineering-and-economical performance.